• Operators
  • *, dereferenceing the iterator
  • ++/--, moves the iterator to the next/previous element
  • ==/!=, comparison operators to determine if two iterators point to the same element
  • =, assign the iterator to a new position
• Data Types
  • iterator, begin()/end(), begin points to the beginning of the elements in the container, end doesn't point to the last element in the list
  • const_iterator, cbegin()/cend()
• Iterators are a generalization of pointers, a pointer is an iterator, but not necessarily the other way round

• begin(), returns an iterator pointing to the first element in the sequence
• end(), returns an iterator pointing to the past-the-end element in the sequence

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::vector<int> c = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	//iterator points to elements in the list
	for(auto it = std::begin(c); it != std::end(c); ++it)
		*it = *it*10;

	//const_iterator points to const value
	for(auto it = std::begin(c); it != std::end(c); ++it)
		std::cout<<*it<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
		

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::vector<int> c = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	for(int i = 0; i < c.size(); i++)
		c.begin()[i] *= 10;

	for(int i = 0; i < c.size(); i++)
		std::cout<<c.begin()[i]<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::vector<int> c = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	//iterator points to elements in the list
	for(std::vector<int>::iterator it = c.begin(); it != c.end(); ++it)
		*it = *it*10;

	//const_iterator points to const value
	for(std::vector<int>::const_iterator it = c.cbegin(); it != c.cend(); ++it)
		std::cout<<*it<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <list>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::list<int> l = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	for(std::list<int>::iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); ++it)
		std::cout<<*it<<" ";
	std::cout<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <set>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::set<int> l = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	for(std::set<int>::iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); ++it)
		std::cout<<*it<<" ";
	std::cout<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::map<std::string, int> m;

	m.insert(std::make_pair("apple", 4));
	m.insert(std::make_pair("orange", 2));
	m.insert(std::make_pair("banana", 1));
	m.insert(std::make_pair("grapes", 3));
	m.insert(std::make_pair("mango", 6));
	m.insert(std::make_pair("peach", 5));

	for(std::map<std::string, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it)
		std::cout<<it->first<<" "<<it->second<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

template <class Iter>
void display(Iter it, Iter end)
{
	for(; it != end; ++it)
		std::cout<<*it<<" ";
	std::cout<<std::endl;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::vector<int> c = {1, 2, 3, 4};
	display(c.begin(), c.end());
	//display(&c[0], c.size());

	return 0;
}
			

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

void display(int *ptr, int size)
{
	for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
		std::cout<<*ptr++<<" ";
	std::cout<<std::endl;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	std::vector<int> c = {1, 2, 3, 4};

	std::vector<int>::iterator it = c.begin();
	decltype(&*it) ptr;
	//int *ptr;
	ptr = &*it;

	if(ptr == nullptr)
		std::cout<<"nullptr ..."<<std::endl;

	display(ptr, c.size());

	return 0;
}