C

target: prerequisites
	command

target is object file, executable file, or a label

prerequisites are the files or targets to generate target

command is the commands will be implemented by make

Define variables

obj = main.o util.o
Compiler = gcc
hello: $(obj)
	$(Compiler) $(obj)

#, comment

\, continue a line

Use include to include other makefiles

Support *, ? and [...]

#ifndef UTIL_H
#define UTIL_H

void disp();

#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include "util.h"

void disp()
{
	printf("Hello World!\n");
}

#include "util.h"

int main()
{
	disp();

	return 0;
}

# comment line
objects = main.o util.o
hello.e: $(objects)
	gcc -o hello.e $(objects)
main.o: main.c util.h
	gcc -c main.c
util.o: util.c util.h
	gcc -c util.c
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm *.o *.e

make or make hello.e, generate executable hello.e

make clean, remove *.o and *.e files

# comment line
objects = main.o util.o
hello.e: $(objects)
	gcc -o hello.e $(objects)
main.o: util.h # "main.c" and "gcc -c main.c" will be derived automatically
util.o: util.h # "util.c" and "gcc -c util.c" will be derived automatically
.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	-rm -f *.o *.e # "-" before rm, continue to do further task not matter what happen

Static Pattern

<targets ...>: <target-pattern>: <prereq-patterns ...>
$^, a list of all the prerequisites of the rule
$<, first prerequsite, *.c
$@, targets, *.o

# comment line
objects = main.o util.o
cc = gcc
hello.e: $(objects)
	$(cc) -o hello.e $(objects)
$(objects):%.o:%.c
	$(cc) -c $< -o $@
.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm -f *.o *.e *~

VPATH = src:include # tell make to search prerequisites in these directories
#vpath %.h include # user vpath to define the prerequisite search path
#vpath %.c src

SRC = src
CFLAGS = -I include
objects = main.o util.o
cc = gcc
hello.e: $(objects)
	$(cc) -o hello.e $(objects)
main.o: main.c util.h # monitor prerequisites in the directories defined in VPATH
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $(SRC)/main.c # "-I include" tells gcc where *.h files are
util.o: util.c util.h
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $(SRC)/util.c

.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm -f *.o *.e *~

# comment line
VPATH = src:include
CFLAGS = -I include
objects = main.o util.o
cc = gcc
hello.e: $(objects)
	$(cc) -o hello.e $(objects)
$(objects):%.o:%.c
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm -f *.o *.e *~

VPATH = src:include
CFLAGS = -I include
objects = main.o util.o
cc = gcc
hello.e: $(objects)
	$(cc) -o hello.e $(objects)
$(objects):%.o:%.c
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm -f *.o *.e *~

PREFIX = /usr/local

.PHONY: install
install: hello.e
	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/bin
	cp $< $(PREFIX)/bin/hello

.PHONY: uninstall
uninstall:
	rm -f $(PREFIX)/bin/hello

make install, install "hello" in /usr/local/bin

make PREFIX=./ install, install "hello" in the specified directory

make uninstall, remove "hello"

# comment line
VPATH = src:include
SRC = src
LIB = lib
CFLAGS = -I include
objects = main.c util.o temp.o libhello.a
cc = gcc
hello.e: $(objects)
	$(cc) -o hello.e $(CFLAGS) $< -L $(LIB) -lhello
libhello.a: util.o temp.o
	ar rcs $(LIB)/libhello.a $^
temp.o: temp.c temp.h
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
util.o: util.c util.h
	$(cc) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
.PHONY: clean
clean: # no dependencies, not implemented automatically
	rm -f *.o *.e *~ $(LIB)/*.a
PREFIX = /usr
alib = lib/libhello.a
.PHONY: install
install: $(alib)
	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/lib
	mkdir -p $(PREFIX)/local/include
	cp $(alib) $(PREFIX)/lib/
	cp include/util.h $(PREFIX)/local/include/
	cp include/temp.h $(PREFIX)/local/include/

.PHONY: uninstall
uninstall:
	rm -f $(PREFIX)/$(alib)
	rm -f $(PREFIX)/local/include/foo.h
	rm -f $(PREFIX)/local/include/temp.h

make install, install "libhello.a" in /usr/lib

make PREFIX=temp install, install "libhello.a" in the specified directory

make uninstall, remove "libhello.a"