import sys
import decimal
import fractions
 
# int, python 3 has no long integer
n1 = 10
print(type(n1))
 
# float
n2 = 3.14
print(type(n2))
# print(sys.float_info) # float information in Python 3
 
# complex
n4 = complex(5, 10)
print(type(n4))
print(n4, n4.real, n4.imag)
 
# fraction
n5 = fractions.Fraction(1, 2)
print(type(n5), n5, n5.numerator, n5.denominator)
 
# decimal
print(decimal.getcontext())
n8 = decimal.Decimal('3.1415926')
print(type(n8), n8)
decimal.getcontext().prec = 3 # set precision
n9 = decimal.Decimal('3.104') + decimal.Decimal('2.104')
print(n9) # 5.21

# binary
n10 = 0b1001 # int
print(bin(n10), n10) # 0b1001 9

# octal
n11 = 0o11 # int
print(oct(n11), n11) # 0o11 9

# hexadecimal
n12 = 0x11 # int
print(hex(n12), n12) # 0x11 17
		

# int
n1 = 10
n2 = 3
print(n1+n2) # 13
print(n1-n2) # 7
print(n1*n2) # 30
print(n1/n2) # 3.33, it is 3 in Python 2
print(n1//n2) # 3
print(n1%n2) # 1
print(divmod(n1, n2)) # (3, 1)
print(pow(n1, n2)) # 1000
print(n1**n2) # 1000
			

from __future__ import division; # include both / and //
 
# float
n1 = 3.14
n2 = 2.0
print(n1+n2) # 5.14
print(n1-n2) # 1.14
print(n1*n2) # 6.28
print(n1/n2) # 1.57, true division
print(n1//n2) # 1.0, floor division
print(n1%n2) # 1.14
print(divmod(n1, n2)) # (1.0, 1.14)
print(pow(n1, n2)) # 9.8596
print(n1**n2) # 9.8596
		

x = (1 < 2) # True
y = (1 == 1) # True

print (x or y) # True
print (x and y) # True
print (not x) # False
			

x = 5
y = 10
 
print(bin(x)) # 0b101
print(bin(y)) # 0b1010
print('or: ', x|y, bin(x|y)) #15, 0b1111
print('and: ', x&y, bin(x&y)) #0, 0b0
print('exclusive: ', x^y, bin(x^y)) #15, 0b1111
print('shifted left: ', x<<2, bin(x<<2), x) #20, 0b10100, 5
print('shifted right: ', x>>2, bin(x>>2), x) #1, 0b1, 5
print('bit length: ', x.bit_length(), y.bit_length()) #3 4
print('not: ', ~x, bin(~x)) #-6, -0b110
			

# int
n1 = 10
print(type(n1))
 
print(dir(n1))
print (n1.__str__())
print (n1.__sizeof__()) #28
print (n1.__pow__(2)) # 100
print (n1.__add__(10)) # 20
print (n1.__rand__)
print (n1.__hash__()) # 10
print (n1.__index__()) # 10
print (type(n1.__repr__())) # str
			

• Decimal Library
• Python Documentation